chrome无插件播放实时视频

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背景

之前在IE时代，安防播放视频都是采用activeX +rtsp的方式；chrome+firefox 使用npapi的控件 或者chrome、firefox采用flash + rtmp；
但后来chrome去掉了npaip和flash的支持。
这里主要讲解如何在chrome中进行无控件播放实时视频

PC 用flv.js 播放http-flv流

web用video.js 播放http-hls流

相关知识

先阅读以下文章
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1467813

https://www.cnblogs.com/upyun/p/9881865.html

无控件实时播放就是http+hls 、 http-flv 、webassembly的方式，但hls需要m3u8分片，延时会比flv大

我的需求只要能够在chrome上低延时无控件播放h264码流，简单点所以并没有采用ffmpeg+webAssembly的技术，而是采用http-flv的方式。

基本原理

通过rtsp从ipc引流，经ffmpeg转码为rtmp到nginx-http-flv-module,
前端通过flv.js 进行引流播放，达到低延时、秒开的效果。

环境搭建

http://nginx.org/en/download.html

https://github.com/winshining/nginx-http-flv-module

https://github.com/bilibili/flv.js

https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/tree/release/4.3

nginx + http-flv-module 编译

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yum install gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel pcre  pcre-devel zlib  zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel -y
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.18 --add-module=/home/install/nginx-http-flv-module-master  --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

ffmpeg 编译

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首先安装yasm插件
wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
tar -xvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.3.0/
./configure && make && make install

然后
cd ffmpeg-4.3/
./configure && make && make install

flv.js 部署

在 https://github.com/bilibili/flv.js/tree/master/demo
下载 index.html 和 demo.css ，并修改index.html 中flv.js 路径

通过 http://bilibili.github.io/flv.js/demo/ 查看源代码，并在flv.js/dist 中下载 flv.js

以上三个文件放置在 nginx/html下

nginx conf设置

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#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

rtmp_auto_push on;
rtmp_auto_push_reconnect 1s;
rtmp_socket_dir /tmp;

rtmp {
    out_queue           4096;
    out_cork            8;
    max_streams         128;
    timeout             15s;
    drop_idle_publisher 15s;

    log_interval 5s; #interval used by log module to log in access.log, it is very useful for debug
    log_size     1m; #buffer size used by log module to log in access.log

    server {
        listen 1935 reuseport;

        application live {
            live on;
            gop_cache on; #open GOP cache for reducing the wating time for the first picture of video
        }
		
		application hls {
			live on;
            hls on;
			hls_path /tmp/hls;
		}
		application dash {
            live on;
            dash on;
            dash_path /tmp/dash;
        }
    }
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       8080;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        # 支持http-flv 播放
        location /live {
            flv_live on; #打开HTTP播放FLV直播流功能
            chunked_transfer_encoding on; #支持'Transfer-Encoding: chunked'方式回复

            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; #添加额外的HTTP头
            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true'; #添加额外的HTTP头
        }
		
		location /hls {
            types {
                application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
                video/mp2t ts;
            }

            root /tmp;
            add_header 'Cache-Control' 'no-cache';
        }

        location /dash {
            root /tmp;
            add_header 'Cache-Control' 'no-cache';
        }

        location /control {
            rtmp_control all; #rtmp控制模块的配置
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

测试 rtmp、http-flv

启动nginx ，然后执行

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ffmpeg -re -i yxjx.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/steam

打开vlc 网络分别输入：

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http://192.168.50.200:8080/live?port=1935&app=live&stream=steam

rtmp://192.168.50.200:1935/live/steam

视频正常播放

打开网站

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http://192.168.50.200:8080/   输入

http://192.168.50.200:8080/live?port=1935&app=live&stream=steam
去掉音频，播放正常

测试 hls

使用video.js 测试

video.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>videojs视频播放DEMO</title>
</head>
<link href="//vjs.zencdn.net/7.8.2/video-js.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="//vjs.zencdn.net/7.8.2/video.min.js"></script>
<body>
  <h3>视频播放</h3>
  <video id="example_video_1" class="video-js vjs-default-skin" >
    <source src="http://192.168.50.200:8080/hls/steam.m3u8" ">
  </video>
</body>
</html>
<script>
  var player = videojs('example_video_1', {
    muted: true,
    controls: true,
  });
</script>

ffmpeg 地址修改为

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ffmpeg -re -i yxjx.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/steam

手机打开 http://192.168.50.200:8080/video.html 播放正常

遇到的问题

ffmepg 转码性能

我们对于大部分码流只要转封装即可，不需要进行转码，命令行参数

ffmpeg -i rtsp://admin:admin@192.168.1.10:554/video -vcodec copy -acodec copy -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/steam

ffmepg 转码失败

我遇到音频的问题，ffmepg转码时有错误日志输出，可以查看具体原因；我不需要音频所以就去掉音频；

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[flv @ 0x3a1c600] FLV does not support sample rate 48000, choose from (44100, 22050, 11025)
[flv @ 0x3a1c600] Audio codec ac3 not compatible with flv
Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?): Function not implemented

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rtsp 转换
ffmpeg -i rtsp://admin:admin@192.168.1.10:554/video -vcodec copy -an -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/steam
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文件，需要 -re 按正常帧率推送
ffmpeg -re -i yxjx.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/steam

音频的支持

flv 格式支持

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0 = Linear PCM, platform endian
1 = ADPCM
2 = MP3
3 = Linear PCM, little endian
4 = Nellymoser 16-kHz mono
5 = Nellymoser 8-kHz mono
6 = Nellymoser
7 = G.711 A-law logarithmic PCM
8 = G.711 mu-law logarithmic PCM 9 = reserved
10 = AAC
11 = Speex
14 = MP3 8-Khz
15 = Device-specific sound
 
7, 8, 14, and 15：内部保留使用。
flv是不支持g711a的，如果要用，可能要用线性音频。

转码时,就支持声音播放了

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ffmpeg -re -i yxjx.mp4 -vcodec copy -acodec aac -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/steam

flv.js 延时问题

在创建flv player时，设置参数

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player = flvjs.createPlayer(mediaDataSource,{
    type:'flv',
    isLive:true,
    hasAudio:false,
    enableWorker:true,
    enableStashBuffer:false,
    stashInitialSize:128,
});

视频秒开问题

gop_cache on; 的作用是缓存了一个GOP视频，所以如果IPC的视频GOP设置为50，那么会有2s的延时；
设置了 gop_cache off; 会有最多2s的黑屏。

抓拍功能

我还得继续研究

后续计划

如果有时间，会考虑使用ffmegp+webAssembly的方法，因为这样播放器能实现更多的功能。